Black Hills

Extracts from Alfred Jacob Miller’s original text, which accompanied his images of Native Americans, are included below for reference.

"The subject of the sketch is a defile in the mountains (called Black-Hills) through the bottom of which a brook takes its serpentine course;- at intervals may be seen a deserted Beaver-dam, the industrious architects having been either trapped, or driven off by the tide of emigration. On the right a meadow covered with boulders runs down to the water, while opposite on the other side of the brook the mountain rises almost perpendicularly, faced with a reddish-grey granite, the tops and fissures clothed with stunted pines and firs. In the distance higher peaks are seen overtopping these and closing the scene. The plant called 'Artemesia' or wild sage abounds herabouts with its gnarled and twisted branches, the atmosphere being saturated with its overpowering odor of Camphor and turpentine,- these clumps are infested with rattle-snakes - who always give you fair warning to keep off." A.J. Miller, extracted from "The West of Alfred Jacob Miller" (1837).

In July 1858 William T. Walters commissioned 200 watercolors at twelve dollars apiece from Baltimore born artist Alfred Jacob Miller. These paintings were each accompanied by a descriptive text, and were delivered in installments over the next twenty-one months and ultimately were bound in three albums. Transcriptions of field-sketches drawn during the 1837 expedition that Miller had undertaken to the annual fur-trader's rendezvous in the Green River Valley (in what is now western Wyoming), these watercolors are a unique record of the closing years of the western fur trade.

Provenance

Provenance (from the French provenir, 'to come from/forth') is the chronology of the ownership, custody, or location of a historical object.

William T. Walters, Baltimore, 1858-1860, by commission; Henry Walters, Baltimore, 1894, by inheritance; Walters Art Museum, 1931, by bequest.