The Virgin of the Immaculate Conception

Description According to the Catholic doctrine of the Immaculate Conception, the Virgin was already free from the original sin that applied to all the descendants of Adam and Eve at the moment she was conceived by her parents. This became official dogma in 1854 but was widely accepted long before, especially in 17th-century Counter Reformation Spain. The image of a virgin whose triumph over sin is acknowledged by the cosmos in the form of a crown of stars, an aura of golden light from the sun, and the moon for a footrest is from the Book of Revelation. At Mary's feet, cherubim hold a proclamation of the uniqueness of her freedom from sin taken from the story of the Old Testament heroine Esther (15): "for this law does not apply to you but for all others." Many artists in Murillo's native Seville specialized in the Immaculate Conception, but none equaled him in giving pictorial form to the Virgin's purity through the delicate use of color and light. The difference in style between the polished brushstrokes defining the Virgin's face and the more fluid rendering of the lively cherubim suggests that two assistants collaborated in painting this altarpiece.

Conservation

Date	Description	Narrative
12/08/1941	Treatment	coated; cleaned; loss compensation
3/10/1981	Treatment	loss compensation
8/11/1983	Treatment	cleaned; other
2/14/1988	Treatment	cleaned; coated; loss compensation
7/13/1988	Examination	examined for condition
11/29/1989	Examination	examined for condition
3/25/1991	Technical Report	other
3/26/1991	Examination	examined for condition
2/01/1999	Treatment	cleaned; coated; loss compensation; other
3/03/2003	Examination	examined for condition
3/09/2011	Examination	examined for condition

Exhibitions

• Going for Baroque. The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. 1995-1996.
• Highlights from the Collection. The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. 1998-2001.

Provenance Count Altamira; Sale, London, June 1, 1827, no. 64; Coesvelt Gallery; W. G. Coesvelt; Sale, June 13, 1840; Mrs. George Perkins, London; Sale, Christie's, London, June 14, 1887, no. 86; Sale, Christie's, London, June 14, 1890, no. 139; Colnaghi's; Sir Lewis Jarvis; Mrs. P. C. Hanford; Sale, American Art Association, New York, January 30, 1902, no. 61; Henry Walters, Baltimore, 1902, by purchase; Walters Art Museum, 1931, by bequest.

Credit Acquired by Henry Walters, 1902